What are Cannabis Terpenes?

February 27, 2025

Cannabis is more than just THC and CBD; it’s a complex plant with compounds that shape its effects, aroma, and benefits. One of the most fascinating components of cannabis is terpenes. These naturally occurring compounds are responsible for the distinctive smells and flavors of different strains, from citrusy and fruity to earthy and piney. But terpenes do more than just make cannabis smell good, they also influence how it interacts with the body and enhance its therapeutic effects.

In this guide, we’ll explore what cannabis terpenes are, their benefits, and how they contribute to the entourage effect, helping you make more informed choices when selecting strains.

What Are Cannabis Terpenes?

Terpenes are aromatic compounds found in cannabis and many other plants, including lavender, citrus fruits, and pine trees. In cannabis, they are produced in the trichomes, the sticky resin glands that also contain cannabinoids like THC and CBD.

There are over 200 different terpenes identified in cannabis, but a few primary ones stand out for their distinct aromas and effects. These compounds interact with cannabinoids and the body’s endocannabinoid system (ECS) to influence mood, relaxation, energy levels, and potential medicinal benefits.

Why Are Terpenes Important?

Terpenes play a crucial role in:

Enhancing flavors and aromas – Each strain has a unique scent and taste profile due to its terpene content.
Modulating effects – Some terpenes promote relaxation, while others boost energy or focus.
Contributing to the entourage effect – When combined with cannabinoids like THC and CBD, terpenes enhance their effects, potentially making them more effective for pain relief, anxiety, or sleep.

Common Cannabis Terpenes and Their Effects

1. Myrcene (Earthy, Musky, Herbal)

Effects: Sedative, relaxing, pain relief
Found in: Mangoes, hops, lemongrass
Strains: Granddaddy Purple, OG Kush, Blue Dream

Best for: People looking for a calming, couch-lock effect. Ideal for evening use and sleep support.

2. Limonene (Citrusy, Lemon, Orange)

Effects: Uplifting, mood-enhancing, anti-anxiety
Found in: Citrus fruits, peppermint, juniper
Strains: Super Lemon Haze, Durban Poison, Jack Herer

Best for: Those who want a burst of energy, creativity, and stress relief.

3. Pinene (Pine, Woody, Fresh)

Effects: Alertness, memory retention, anti-inflammatory
Found in: Pine needles, rosemary, basil
Strains: Jack Herer, OG Kush, Trainwreck

Best for: People seeking focus and mental clarity. May also help with inflammation.

4. Linalool (Floral, Lavender, Spicy)

Effects: Calming, anti-anxiety, sleep aid
Found in: Lavender, mint, cinnamon
Strains: Amnesia Haze, Do-Si-Dos, Granddaddy Purple

Best for: Users looking for relaxation, stress relief, and sleep enhancement.

5. Caryophyllene (Peppery, Spicy, Woody)

Effects: Anti-inflammatory, stress relief, pain relief
Found in: Black pepper, cloves, cinnamon
Strains: Girl Scout Cookies, Sour Diesel, Bubba Kush

Best for: Those dealing with chronic pain, anxiety, or inflammation.

6. Humulene (Earthy, Woody, Hoppy)

Effects: Appetite suppressant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial
Found in: Hops, coriander, ginseng
Strains: White Widow, Headband, Skywalker OG

Best for: Users looking for pain relief and reduced appetite.

The Entourage Effect: How Terpenes Enhance Cannabis

The entourage effect refers to how cannabinoids (THC, CBD) and terpenes work together to enhance the overall effects of cannabis. For example:

Limonene + CBD may boost anti-anxiety effects.
Myrcene + THC may increase sedative properties, making strains more relaxing.
Caryophyllene + CBD may enhance pain relief by interacting with CB2 receptors in the body.

Understanding terpene profiles allows consumers to select strains that provide targeted effects, whether for relaxation, focus, pain management, or mood enhancement.